An Appraisal of Nurses’ Role in Preventing Hospital Readmissions in Taraba State
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Background of the Study
Hospital readmissions are a significant concern in healthcare systems worldwide, often indicating suboptimal patient care, inadequate discharge planning, or ineffective post-hospitalization support. Readmissions within 30 days of discharge are associated with increased healthcare costs, patient distress, and overburdened hospital resources (Ogunleye et al., 2023). Nurses play a critical role in preventing hospital readmissions by ensuring proper discharge planning, educating patients on medication adherence, monitoring post-discharge recovery, and coordinating follow-up care (Adebayo & Hassan, 2024).
In Nigeria, particularly in Taraba State, the issue of hospital readmissions remains a challenge due to factors such as limited healthcare resources, inadequate follow-up mechanisms, and patients’ lack of awareness regarding post-hospital care. Many patients discharged from hospitals may not receive adequate education on self-care, leading to complications that necessitate readmission. The effectiveness of nurses in mitigating these issues through patient education, home visits, and telehealth interventions is crucial in reducing avoidable readmissions.
This study seeks to examine the role of nurses in preventing hospital readmissions in Taraba State. It will explore the strategies nurses employ, challenges they face, and the impact of their interventions on patient outcomes. The findings of this study will be essential in identifying gaps in nursing practices and recommending strategies for improving post-discharge patient care.
Statement of the Problem
Despite global advancements in healthcare, hospital readmissions continue to pose a challenge, leading to increased morbidity and healthcare expenditures. In Taraba State, limited studies have explored the role of nurses in preventing readmissions, leaving a gap in understanding the effectiveness of current nursing interventions. Research indicates that poor discharge planning, inadequate patient education, and limited follow-up care contribute significantly to hospital readmissions (Eze et al., 2024).
Nurses are expected to play a pivotal role in reducing readmissions through patient-centered interventions. However, challenges such as high patient loads, inadequate staffing, and resource limitations hinder the effectiveness of these interventions. If these challenges persist, patients will continue to experience preventable complications, placing further strain on the healthcare system. This study aims to assess how nurses contribute to reducing hospital readmissions and identify the barriers they encounter in Taraba State.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the role of nurses in preventing hospital readmissions in Taraba State.
- To examine the challenges nurses face in implementing strategies to reduce hospital readmissions.
- To evaluate the impact of nurse-led post-discharge interventions on patient readmission rates.
Research Questions
- What roles do nurses play in preventing hospital readmissions in Taraba State?
- What challenges affect the effectiveness of nurses in reducing hospital readmissions?
- How do nurse-led post-discharge interventions influence patient readmission rates?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurses play a significant role in preventing hospital readmissions in Taraba State.
- There are significant challenges affecting the effectiveness of nurses in reducing hospital readmissions.
- Nurse-led post-discharge interventions have a positive impact on reducing hospital readmission rates.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on hospitals in Taraba State, examining how nurses contribute to reducing readmissions. Both public and private healthcare facilities will be considered. Limitations may include variations in hospital policies, limited availability of patient records, and reluctance of nurses to disclose challenges they face in preventing readmissions.
Definitions of Terms
- Hospital Readmission: A patient’s return to a hospital within a specific period after discharge due to complications or other medical issues.
- Discharge Planning: The process of preparing a patient for release from the hospital, ensuring they receive adequate instructions for post-hospital care.
- Post-Discharge Interventions: Strategies implemented by healthcare providers, particularly nurses, to support patients after they leave the hospital to prevent readmission.
- Medication Adherence: The extent to which patients follow prescribed medication regimens after hospital discharge.
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